Tumour Lysis Syndrome in Paediatric Oncology: Pathophysiology, Risk Assessment, Prevention and Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63270/njp.v53i3.2000089Keywords:
Azotaemia, Hyperkalaemia, Hyperphosphataemia, Oncologic emergencies, MalignanciesAbstract
Tumour Lysis Syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening metabolic emergency caused by the rapid destruction of tumour cells, either spontaneously or following cancer treatment. It is mostly seen in malignancies with a high tumour burden, rapid cell proliferation, and high sensitivity to treatment. TLS may occur after chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and, less commonly, radiotherapy. Mortality rates can be as high as 21%, particularly in resource-limited settings.
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